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Git Commands Quick Ref
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Setup
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "your.email@example.com"Creating Repositories
git init - initialize a new Git repository
git clone [url] - clone a remote repository
General
git status
git add [files]
git add . - stage all changes in the current directory
git diff - diff of what is changed but not staged
git difftool
git diff --staged - diff of what is staged
git commit -m "[descriptive message]"
git commit -am "[descriptive message]" - commit and add all modified files to commit
branches
git branch - list branches (local)
- Switches:
-r- remote,-a- all
git branch [branch-name] - creates a new branch at current commit
git switch [branch-name] - switch to another branch (or the older git checkout [branch-name])
git switch -c [branch-name] - create a branch and switch to it (or the older git checkout -b [branch-name])
git merge [branch] - merge the specified branch into the current one.
git branch -d [branch-name] - delete a branch
Logs
git log - shows a log of all commits on current branch
git log --oneline - condensed log view
git log --follow [file] - show commits that changed the file (even across renames)
git show [commit] - show the details of a commit
share & remotes
git remote -v - list remotes
git remote add [alias] [url] - add a git URL as an alias
git fetch [alias] - fetch all branches from alias remote
git push - pushes to remote
git push -u origin [branch] - push a new branch to the remote and track it
git pull - fetch and merge from remote
Undoing Changes
git restore [file] - discard changes in working directory
git restore --staged [file] - unstage a file
git reset HEAD~1 - undo last commit (keep changes)
git reset --hard HEAD~1 - undo last commit (discard changes)
Rewrite History
git rebase [branch] - reapply the commits of the current branch on top of the specified one
Stash / temp storage
git stash — stashes current changes
git stash push -m "some message" — stashes current changes with a short message
git stash pop — restores last stash
git stash show — shows changes in most recent stash
Tags
git tag [name] — create a tag
Worktrees
Allows easy way to work on multiple branches at the same time.
git worktree add [path] [branch-name] — checks out the branch in a new directory at that path
git worktree list — lists all worktree directories and currently checkedout branch
git worktree remove [path] — removes a worktree from the repo
git worktree prune — removes worktrees that are no longer valid
